Our way of life, measured
by the standard of living and quality of life, is greatly dependent on
energy and resource consumption.
Our exponentially growing resource consumption has caused CO2
emissions to grow 188% between 1973 and 2008. Our footprint
on the planet is so strong that geologists are proposing a new epoch, called
the Anthropocene, to accurately
describe this period. However, as the name suggests, humans are the masters of
their fate: the Anthorpocene is an
epoch defined by the human impact on the planet.
About 95% of our
transportation energy comes from oil and conventional fuels. Since the 1973 oil
crisis much research has been done, and is being done in clean fuel sources. Restructuring
our economy to use renewable energy – a form of energy harvesting, is difficult: it attempts to collect disperse
energy into useable forms. We have advanced many types of energy harvesting: solar
(photovoltaic, passive, hydrogen from solar, and biomass to fuel), wind, hydro
(dams and run-of river), waves and ocean tides, yet challenges still remain.
Technology dictates that successful renewable energy harvesting requires rare
earth and precious metals (e.g. Lithium, Neodymium, Platinum, Ruthenium, and Vanadium). These
metals are often found in corrupt autocracies (China, Bolivia, and Argentina). High density renewable energy locations are
often found far away from cities. Despite new technologies such as UHVDC which
limit losses compared to HVAC, large investments in power lines are still necessary. Advances in various energy production methods are bringing other technologies to the forefront that have not been available to this point.

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